Roadway Clay Problems...

In general, as described in section Estimating Clay Content, estimating the clay content using geophysical methods is difficult.  However, mapping clay underneath roadways can easily be performed as described in section Indentifying Roadbed Underlain by Expansive Clay.

Estimating Clay Content

• Conductivitiy Measurements
• Resistivity Measurements
• Time Domain Electromagnetic Soundings
• Induced Polarization

Identifying Roadbed Underlain by Expansive Clays (Determine Clay Content in Swelling Soils)

• Conductivitiy Measurements
• Resistivity Measurements
• Time Domain Electromagnetic Soundings
• Induced Polarization